Understanding and measuring the contribution of aquaculture and fisheries to gross domestic product (GDP)

The contribution of aquaculture and fisheries to gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the most widely used indicators of its economic performance. However, there is a general lack of understanding or consensus on how to properly measure the sector’s contribution to GDP. This paper contributes to improving the understanding and measurement of aquaculture and fisheries’ contribution to GDP by: (i) using input-output models (including mathematical formulas and numerical examples) to formulate and clarify a set of measures of aquaculture and fisheries’ contribution to GDP; (ii) discussing alternative methods to estimate the measures under data-poor environments; (iii) suggesting an empirical methodology and general guidelines on the estimation and reporting of the measures; and (iv) exploring how to utilize the measures for evidence-based policy and planning. The conceptual framework and empirical methodology suggested in the paper will help move towards internationally established methodology, standards and guidelines on measuring aquaculture and fisheries’ economic contribution.