Potential of valuable materials recovery from aquaculture wastewater: An introduction to resource reclamation

Aquaculture wastewater has become a global concern, especially in the aquatic environment. Aquaculture industries rely on water consumption and generate an abundant amount of wastewater. Aquaculture wastewater has characteristics of high organic materials and nutrients. However, the potential for resource reclamation from this wastewater awaits further exploration. Aquaculture wastewater contains algae, which can be harvested using biodegradable coagulants for further utilisation. It is also nutrient‐rich and can be reclaimed as fertiliser or used for co-culturing algae. However, limited research has focused on the potential of valuable materials recovery from aquaculture wastewater. This review paper discusses estimating wastewater generation from aquaculture industries and the characteristics of the effluent. It discusses the potential for valuable material recovery from wastewater, including aquaculture industries' wastewater. This paper summarises several valuable materials that can be recovered from wastewater to achieve cleaner production in industrial processes and discusses the challenges and prospects in recovering valuable materials from aquaculture effluent for future applications. This review could provide insights to increase the economic value of wastewater, especially aquaculture wastewater, and to enrich knowledge related to the resource reclamation from wastewater.